Natural asphalt is found in nature, either as lake pit or rock asphalt. Its other main uses are for bituminous waterproofing products, including production of roofing felt and for sealing flat roofs. It is sticky dark viscous liquid obtained from natural deposits like crude petroleum. Use of plastic virgin as well as waste to modify the bitumen and. Bitumen used in pavement mixes should not indicate more than 1% loss in weight, but for bitumen having penetration values 150200 up to 2% loss in weight is allowed.
Dedicated to my wife specioza and my daughter grace. Asphalt and tar bitumens are used in road and airfield construction. Lundy department of civil engineering oregon state university. The primary use 70% of asphaltbitumen is in road construction, where it is used as the glue or binder mixed with aggregate particles to create asphalt concrete. Ed caldeira 4104518006 road construction qaqc manual sample. Applying sampling procedure for timber as required applying sampling procedure for concrete correctly applying sampling procedure for masonry correctly 7 unit a2. Bitumen quality and manufacturing processespast and. Base material shall be manufactured from hard, durable stone or recycled building materials free of clay lumps, organic matter and other deleterious substances. Read a detailed procedure of bitumen penetration test with sample data. The viscosity of the bitumen and aggregate mix plays important role in defining the performance of bituminous road.
The use of plastic waste in bituminous mixture for the. Kisunge road construction materials basic knowledge and test procedures j. Design procedure for bituminous stabilized road surfaces for. South african pavement engineering manual chapter 3 materials. Experience in using bitumen in engineering projects has led to the adoption of certain test procedures that are indicative of the characteristics that identify adequate performance levels. Waste plastic has potential for use in bituminous road construction as its addition in small doses about 510% by weight of bitumen helps in substantially improving the stability, strength. Design procedure for bituminous stabilized road surfaces for low volume roads 200828. The construction managerproject engineer is responsible for the asphalt paving works. Foreword this guide is a refined edition of the road construction. When appropriate, the quality manager will specify project quality standards for work processes that may include. These fillings to make before the laying of the surface course. Representing one of the worlds most expansive road networks, we are committed to working cooperatively and productively across all levels of government, to ensure our road network meets the needs of the community, industry and stakeholders. Managing the risks of working with bitumen and bituminous products. The bitumen content of a bituminous material is measured by means of its solubility in carbon disulfide.
The scope of work of this method statement is to describe the responsibilities of personnel involved, execution procedure, safety factors and documents to be recorded for asphalt paving works. What is bituminous road bituminous road consist of their surface with bituminous materials which is also called as asphalt. Asphalt consists primarily of bitumens, which are highmolecularweight hydrocarbons soluble in carbon disulfide. The results obtained by these tests are used with the empirical curves to determine the thickness of pavement and its component layers.
Bitumen is a mixture of organic liquids that is black, highly viscous, sticky product used for paving roads, waterproofing products used in sealing roofs. Design procedure for bituminous stabilized road surfaces. Bitumen shall be intended when material is referred to as asphalt cement, straight run bitumen, penetration grade bitumen or by its penetration value as for example 6070. There are many appropriate manuals and guidelines available for. Standard specification for urban infrastructure works 47 edition 1, revision 02 oct 2010. Hicks department of civil engineering oregon state university corvallis, or 97331 paul curren pavement engineering inc. Some of the tests have evolved with the development of the industry and are empirical methods.
Apparatus required, theory, procedure, precautions, observations, reporting and recommended values of bitumen ductility. Method statement for asphalt paving works are given below. Origin asphalt material have been utilized since 3500 b. Bitumen road construction consists of various steps such as preparation of base course, application of bituminous coat, placement of bituminous mix, rolling and check for quality etc. This report describes a design method providing highway engineers and their staffs with the technical backing needed. The grade of bitumen to be used would depend upon the climatic conditions and the traffic. Oct 30, 2015 the primary use 70% of asphalt bitumen is in road construction, where it is used as the glue or binder mixed with aggregate particles to create asphalt concrete. If the uneven surfaces are large coarse aggregates uses for filling. Pdf road construction materials basic knowledge and test. Penetration test of bitumenprocedure, apparatus, and uses for road construction 1 year ago cementconcrete penetration test of bitumen determines the hardness or softness of bitumen by measuring the depth in millimeter to which a standard loaded needle will penetrate vertically in five seconds while the temperature of the bitumen sample is. The scope for pavement for the road construction consists of subbase of granular material, road base of crusher run, asphaltic concrete binder course and asphaltic.
This document is not intended to be comprehensive and therefore does not provide information on all construction activities. Although bitumen and coal tar are similarly black and sticky, they are distinctly different substances in origin, chemical composition and in their properties. The california bearing ratio test cbr test is a penetration test developed by california state highway department u. This is a reformatted version of the procedure last published in july 20 with some minor changes refer to the change history. Nddot standard specifications for road and bridge construction. See fm 5472 for field identification of tar and asphalt paving compounds.
Ever since we opened for business, weve taken a comprehensive approach to project management, providing our clients with more than bituminous products, hot asphalt mix and road rehabilitation. Benzene international is singapore based bitumen manufacturer and exporter of all types cutback bitumen, medium and rapid curing cutbacks, liquid bitumen, bitumen asphalt of various grades of medium curing bitumen mc30, mc70, mc3000, rapid curing rc 70, rc250 and oxidizing bitumen r11515 and bitumen emulsions. Bituminous binders for road construction and maintenance. Consequently it is essential that they are carried out in strict compliance with the. The california bearing ratio test is penetration test meant for the evaluation of subgrade strength of roads and pavements. Construction of bitumen rubber seals bituminous binders for road construction and maintenance test methods for bitumen rubber specifications for rubber in binders manufacture and construction of hot mix asphalt interim specifications for bitumen rubber supersurf. Apr 11, 2017 asphalt paver work and dense bituminous macadam work at site dbm laying in road construction work duration. Standard construction specifications division 40 asphalt surfacing revised 1108 section 40. Cbr test procedure california bearing ratio for road design. Bituminous road, construction of bitumen road, asphalt road construction, methodology of road construction, wearing course,thickness of road,dbm road, bituminous concrete, procedure of road. Road construction materials basic knowledge and test procedures j. Construction of bituminous concrete road,work methodology. Various laboratory tests on bitumen is conducted to check quality and different properties of bitumen for pavement construction. Bitumen is very important component of many construction sites like roads, highways.
It is the ratio of force per unit area required to penetrate a soil mass with standard circular piston at the rate of 1. Bitumen safety code safety, health and environmental aspects of design, construction, operation, inspection and maintenance of bitumen manufacture, blending, storage, distribution, product handling and use, and sampling model code of safe practice in the petroleum industry part 11 september 2005 4th edition published by energy institute, london. Asphalt paver work and dense bituminous macadam work at site dbm laying in road construction work duration. Preparation is the first step in the bitumen road construction steps. Ductility of bitumen is its property to elongate under traffic load without getting cracked in road construction works.
Bitumen quality and manufacturing processespast and present. Tests applied on bitumen procedure of tests on asphalt. Guidelines for selection of viscosity grade of paving grade bitumen are given in tables 1. To construct the bituminous road, following steps which are already explained in the abovementioned types of bituminous surfaces. Pat pick the date selected pages not a complete plan quality manual reporting forms inspection forms contact. Bituminous roads deterioration rodrigo archondocallao etwtr the world bank base types and surface types and materials granular base asphalt base asphalt. South african pavement engineering manual chapter 3. If the bituminous material is used in excess than the value for given mix, it effects the performance of the bituminous road. The uneven surface to fill with 12 mm to 40 mm aggregates. The use of anti stripping agents are having limited use only and the process also increases the cost of road construction5. The use of anti stripping agents are having limited use only and the process also increases the cost of road construction 5.
Work process specifications the quality manager ensures that work processes are controlled to ensure that the specified requirements are met. Bitumen road construction process in india youtube. Apparatus required, theory, procedure, precautions, observations, reporting and recommended values of bitumen ductility is discussed in this article. Method statement for asphalt paving works civil engineering. Materials testing preliminary sections page ii chapter context the south african pavement engineering manual sapem is a reference manual for all aspects of pavement engineering.
It is not technically justified to use any modified bitumen in bm. Yet when water is stagnated over road, it penetrates and results in pot holes, a defective spot on the pavement. Asphalt is a natural or manmade byproduct of petroleum distillation. Apr 06, 2018 preparation is the first step in the bitumen road construction steps. Preparation of road bitumen from petroleum the refining of petroleum is most complex procedure producing a tremendous range of products from the simplest hydrocarbon gas methane to the hardest bitumen with constituents of. Bitumen world zimbabwe road construction hot asphalt. For all emulsions, one sample is randomly selected from each of the first and. Bitumen safety code safety, health and environmental aspects of design, construction, operation, inspection and maintenance of bitumen manufacture, blending, storage, distribution, product handling and use, and sampling model code of safe practice in the petroleum industry part 11 september 2005 4th edition published. There are many tests which are conducted to check the quality of bitumen. Penetration test of bitumenprocedure, apparatus, and uses. Applying sampling procedure for steel correctly applying sampling procedure for soils correctly applying sampling procedure for bitumen correctly applying sampling procedure for timber as required applying sampling procedure for concrete correctly applying sampling procedure for masonry correctly. Bm is an undesigned, recipe type mix used for low traffic roads.
This is the most widely used method for the design of flexible pavement. It composes 87% carbon, 11% hydrogen and 2% oxygen by weight. An ambitious road construction plan is underway in india, which primarily involves bituminous pavements. Design procedure for bituminous stabilized road surfaces for low volume roads. Preparation of road bitumen from petroleum the refining of petroleum is most complex procedure producing a tremendous range of products. Only approved materials are used in the construction process. Road construction method statement method statement hq.
Bitumen road construction steps in the modern pavement laying. This procedure manual provides a guide to the correct onstruction c practices and procedures for use on road contracts by the roads and highways department. This is a reformatted version of the procedure last published in july 20 with some minor. Ductility test on bitumen measures the distance in centimeters to which it elongates before breaking. Below is very brief road construction work method statement that outlines the complete process from laying the sub base to the laying of asphalt to achieve final product or outcome. Bitumen world is a leading and reputable contracting company based in zimbabwe. Road construction unit costs are estimated by dividing the machine rates by the production rates for the various activities involved in road construction. Bituminous road, construction of bitumen road, asphalt road construction, methodology of road construction, wearing course,thickness of road,dbm road, bituminous concrete, procedure of. Main roads are responsible for delivering and management of a safe and efficient main road network in western australia.
It also helps to satisfy todays need of increased road transport, for 1km x 3. The road construction activities considered here are surveying, clearing and grubbing, excavation, surfacing, and drainage. Various lab tests on bitumen for pavement construction. Displaying bituminous road construction powerpoint presentations hdm4 road deterioration of bituminous pavements ppt presentation summary. It is the cleaning of surfaces from hard rocks, stones holes, dust, and other materials. Bitumen is a black or brown mixture of hydrocarbons obtained by partial distillation of crude petroleum. List of codes, design guides and reference materials. Application of waste plastic materials in road construction.